Monday, August 24, 2020
Graduate Labour Market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words
Graduate Labor Market - Essay Example It is obviously obvious from the conversation that in its push to improve and modernize open administrations, UK government has made more openings for work for graduates. A portion of the segments that portray an expansion in the pace of work incorporate open organization, wellbeing, and instruction, development just as business and account. Note that the UK monetary and political improvements have made the district to be one of the nations that have the least paces of joblessness in Europe. As indicated by Association of Graduate Recruiters (AGR), roughly 30% of the UK graduates are profoundly requested in outside nations including European locale dependent on the broad preparing attempted by colleges. Regardless of the estimation that work opening in the UK would fall by 7% in 2010 because of the monetary downturn, bosses announced 8.9% expansion in the degree of business openings. As specified by AGR, more openings for work will come up while the normal beginning pay for graduate will roughly be à £29,000. As indicated by Gillard, the AGR CEO, the market for the alumni is getting subsequently counterbalancing the negativities of the ongoing monetary downturn that influenced practically all areas of the worldwide economy. In any case, the vast majority of the associations are not expanding graduate pay rates regardless of the broad preparing that they experience in the colleges. As specified by Aaker, Online Marketing Manager is liable for controlling the web based advertising group. Also, the supervisor directs the usage of the powerful utilization of the web as a method of advancing and publicizing of the items. Other indispensable obligations of the chief incorporate assessment and following of internet promoting systems, recognizing new web based showcasing strategies just as teaming up with work force who are liable for creating sites.
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Business Presentations DB2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words
Business Presentations DB2 - Essay Example Right planning is likewise fundamental and the utilization of the correct language is imperative. An efficient speaker who utilizes the time accessible can guarantee targets are effectively accomplished. Introduction proficiency is impeded if the speakers are ineffectively sorted out. In this association the utilization of monetary or logical terms is useful as they structure a kind of shared factor. Non-verbal collaboration with the crowd is significant in light of the fact that it guides introduction. The selection of words and jargon is one sort of image that has enthusiastic and mental properties. The principle challenge in introduction is to convince the crowd sending clear messages and advising about the issue, to convince individuals to accomplish something, to create inspirational mentalities, and to cause different changes in people groups thinking and conduct that will be advantageous to the venture (Adair, Thomas 2003). My own accomplishment in making the introduction is successful time the board and choice of proper data. I have attempted to recognize the key undertakings and focuses in an introduction which ought to be given the best measure of time. In the introductions I have attempted to introduce the most significant realities and made a recommenâ dation. The item is to give the crowd to whom it is introduced, adequate data to empower it to make reasonable move, if vital. I have attempted to state realities reasonably and precisely, in sensible request and in a brief way. The elements of fruitful introduction incorporate six standards of viable talking: be clear, be readied, be basic, be striking, be normal and be brief. The character and measure of fearlessness the moderator has can affect introduction productivity. The more confident and emphatic individâ ual can bargain all the more successfully with individuals who infringe on their time. The utilization of visuals helps the
Monday, July 20, 2020
Most Common Reasons Content Marketing Campaigns Dont Perform
Most Common Reasons Content Marketing Campaigns Donât Perform Content marketing has become a major part of marketing strategies for businesses of all sizes. But content marketing alone is not a silver bullet to problems and your business might find it a struggle to get the campaign working as intended. © Shutterstock | garagestockIn this guide, weâll explain the most common reasons content marketing campaigns donât perform and provide tips on how to steer your campaign in the right direction.#1 YOU DIDNâT REFINE YOUR OBJECTIVESAccording to an Altimeter survey, 70% of marketers donât have a consistent content marketing strategy. But content marketing wonât work if you donât have objectives you want to achieve with it. Starting content marketing without goals is a bit like shopping groceries without a list. Yes, you can do it, but youâll probably end up buying too much and the products you bought might not make a great meal.Having objectives defined will help you:Create content that is more valuable. If you are more aware of what you want from your content marketing, you can create the content to fit around this objective. For example, content that aims to sell something looks different from content used purely for more link clicks.Direct your content to the target aud ience. Different content appeals to different people and like with any marketing, you have to know what is the audience youâre trying to reach.Select the right channels for delivering content. Content marketing can happen through different channels, from YouTube to guest blogging. By understanding your audience, you can also find the channels they are looking at.When you start thinking about your content marketing objectives, focus on the following questions:What is the ultimate goal? Is it to increase visitor numbers, get more people to join your subscription, or simply to sell a certain amount of products?Who are the people you want to do the above with? Are you targeting professionals, students, adults, families, young people, and so on?What are you going to consider a success? What about failure? You want to have tangible figures you can measure that will help you know how the campaign is going. Perhaps you want to receive 100 new sign-ups or sell 1,000 products within a month . Without knowing what you think is a success or indeed a failure, you canât really say whether the campaign is performing or not.#2 YOU DECIDED TO SKIP RESEARCHRelated to the above point is the need to conduct proper research. Content marketing has become such a buzzword that people tend to assume it always provides positive results and returns.There are two assumptions you must avoid falling for:Thinking that content is always valuable.Surmising you know what the audience finds valuable.Therefore, market research is a crucial part of content marketing. You need to be able to understand what the customer finds valuable, what kind of content are they looking for, and what are the channels and types of content that get them interested.You must also analyze and examine your current and past content marketing with the help of analytics tools such as:Google Analytics â" demographics about your audience, how they engage and with what type of content.Addvocate â" data on who are the p eople sharing your content on social media. Can help with influencer engagement.Quora â" social network for questions and answers. Can help identify trends to use as content or help others by linking to your content.Yoast â" boosts your contentâs search engine optimization.In addition, you can also gain valuable data by using customer relations management systems (CRM). For instance, Really Simple Systems and Salesforce are worth checking out.Overall, the key metrics you want to focus on include:Web traffic or visitsViews and downloadsLead quantityLead qualitySocial media sharingWhen devising your strategy pay attention to what happens to these metrics and compare different approaches.[slideshare id=40688285doc=b2bcontentmarketingspotlightreport-141024111144-conversion-gate02w=640h=330]#3 YOU THOUGHT QUANTITY TRUMPS QUALITYPerhaps the most common sin amongst organizations is to assume quantity trumps quality in content marketing. The approach is not entirely wrong, as it used to be that getting as many links out there was the way to boost your search engine ranking. But nowadays, you must pay attention to the quality of your content.Google, which is still the major search engine you want to focus on, emphasizes quality on its approach to page ranking and the search engine is rather open about it. âIf your pages contain useful information, their content will attract many visitors and entice webmasters to link to your siteâ is one of the tips Google gives you.In Hubspotâs Social Media Benchmarks Report in 2015, the marketing company examined social media methods and engagement levels in different industries. According to the report, thereâs no positive correlation between the number of posts and interactions per post. In fact, the report stated, âif anything, thereâs a very slight negative correlation between the twoâ.Instead of being happy that you have tons of blog posts lining up, you need to focus more on the quality. Before hitting that Po st-button, ask yourself:Does this content provide real value to my customer? What?Is it entertaining?Does it inform them about something they might not have known?Does it make it easier to use my product or service?Would I read/watch this?Is it something people want to share with others?What is the reason for posting this? (Note: the answer is not to get new content out)Start writing epic and great content, stop writing crap.[slideshare id=15931787doc=velocitycrap-130110064100-phpapp01w=640h=330]#4 YOUR CONTENT IS NOT APPEALING ENOUGHSimilar to the above point, you might also be making the mistake of creating content that isnât appealing enough. As companies focused on quantity over quality, the Internet has become filled with all sorts of it. To be precise, around 2 million blog posts are published every single day.Fighting for your place in the sun is therefore not an easy task and you will make it even harder if your content is dull and boring.How can you appeal to people with your content?Ensure you are writing content based on the target audience and their preferences.Use the language or imagery that appeals to the target audience.Hook them with an attracting headline. Whilst eight out of ten readers will read a headline, only two out of ten will continue to read the rest.A good headline will create an emotion: shock, joy, laughter or outrage. âThe business that stole $2,000âA good headline will highlight the usefulness and value of the text. âHow to turn your start-up idea into realityâA good headline will instill curiosity without revealing the results. âWe tried YouTube for a week and the results stunned usâInclude different elements of content to your content, such as images, videos or charts. But make sure you only do so when they add value to your content.LinkedIn Technology Marketing Communityâs top three content marketing tactics also highlighted the benefits of varying content. According to the community, the best strategies invol ve blogging, social media and case study reports. Therefore, you can make your content more appealing and mix up your visitor base by changing your content strategies from videos to how-to guides and so on.#5 YOUâRE NOT PROMOTING YOUR CONTENTEven the most appealing content might struggle to yield results if you donât focus on the other aspect of the strategy: marketing. You canât just publish your content and wait for results, but you have to actively push it out there for the world to see.Before you even publish your content, you should start creating networks with different blogs and forums related to your business, and the topic you are writing about. You want to let them know about your own blog or video channel, the topics you write or talk about and to suggest partnerships. You want other influencers within the industry to talk about your site and to share your content on their social media platforms.Furthermore, you should consider sharing some of your ideas with these influencers before you share them with others to get more insight into what might work the best. If you have products to sell or a specific service on offer, you can allow them to experiment with it to get them excited about your brand as a whole.As soon as you publish your content, you should contact these influencers, blogs and forums personally to mention your new content. You can email stating, âHey, I thought you and your readers might find my new post/video on [topic] interesting. Do check it out and let me know what you thinkâ.Finally, you should always share your content on your own social media. Create a publishing schedule for different platforms to guarantee you share the content at least a few times a week. According to LinkedInâs report, the most effective social media platforms to use are LinkedIn, Twitter, YouTube, Facebook and SlideShare. These should therefore be high on your marketing agenda.[slideshare id=53206345doc=b2bcontentmarketing2016benchmarksbudgetsa ndtrendsnorthamerica-150925190122-lva1-app6892w=640h=330]#6 YOUR CONTENT DOESNâT HAVE A CALL TO ACTIONAnother big mistake is to create quality content, but without it leading to any kind of engagement afterwards. Even the best of sellers will eventually pop out the question, âWould you like to buy this?âEssentially, marketing is about ensuring people act after receiving the information, i.e. content. The call to action can be different things, depending on your objectives.You might want to:Include detailed information, including links, on where to buy the products. This should also include tips on using offers or other such perks available for buyers.Ask the person to sign up to a membership or a newsletter.Request to ensure the person âlikesâ or âsharesâ the content and easy methods for doing so.When writing your call to action, you need to keep in mind a few essential points.Focus on the context. Is the reader a first time visitor or someone familiar with the brand?K eep the CTA short. You shouldnât add multiple CTAs to your content. Only focus on one, depending on your goal and keep it short. Remember that your CTA will be at the bottom of the content, so the person wonât want to read or listen to a long story.Place it strategically. Depending on the length and style of your content, you want to ensure the CTA is strategically placed and jumps positively at the viewerâs sight.Finally, if you are having trouble with your CTAs itâs a good idea to test them. This can help you understand what types of CTAs works the best and where you should place them. #7 YOUâRE SPENDING THE WRONG AMOUNT OF MONEYA Curata study found that 75% of content marketers are set to increase their content marketing budgets. The content marketing software market is further expected to grow to over $32.3 billion by 2018.As the spending grows, problems have also begun to occur around content marketing budgets. Content marketing campaigns can fail because of your budg et.There are two options when it comes to content marketing and budgets:You are spending too little on your content marketing.You are spending too much on your content marketing.The first option generally happens when people expect content marketing to be a miracle cure for all problems. It can mean you also donât properly understand the quality argument, but think you can have people churn out content for you almost free of charge and still receive amazing results.On the other hand, you might be throwing money at a content marketing company, assuming that itâll automatically drive results and guarantee quality content.You need to understand that content marketing campaigns can cost money, but how much you are willing to spend or need to spend can depend on your individual situation.The keys to budgeting for your content marketing are therefore:To understand your objectives and goals.To realize that creating quality content takes time. You might be able to save money if you are able to take this time and create the content; or you can hire a professional content marketing specialist to help you.To know how to measure the quality of the content and the effectiveness of the campaign. Once you have your objectives and an idea of the timeline for achieving them, you can see whether the content you are creating is yielding results. If it isnât, you want to look at whether you are spending too little, i.e. not creating enough quality, or spending too much on low-quality content.While content marketing budgets are increasing, you should pay attention to the way you spend your money. If you arenât receiving the results you want, money may or may not be the solution.#8 YOUâVE GIVEN UP ON YOUR CONTENT MARKETINGIf your content marketing efforts have not been working, you are probably going to find yourself at a crossroad. What can you do now? The options you have are:To give up. (Tip: not the right answer.)To keep doing what you are doing. (Tip: still not the r ight answer.)To reassess, analyze and change tactic. (Tip: yep, the right answer.)First, if you launched your content marketing strategy yesterday, but you arenât seeing huge visitor numbers, you are doing it wrong. Most of the times content marketing is not about the immediate results, but long-term gains. There can be posts that are hardly read for the first six months, but then something happens and you suddenly have everyone sharing this single article/video/image.If you find your content marketing struggling to gain headwind, go through the above points and see whether one of them applies to your strategy. If so, consider the tips above and do more research into the particular point. In addition, it might be something else, something unique to your content or business thatâs holding you back. Identify the issue by examining your posts, analyzing your strategy and simply asking from your target audience about tips and ideas. You can even see what your competitors are doing a nd what are the posts/videos that provide them with the most shares or views.Donât start copying other peopleâs content, but do take notice of what is the style, the format, the subjects that seem to appeal to your audience. Tweak your content by trying longer or shorter posts, adding more images or videos, and so on. You can even try sharing and posting your content at different times to see if this cures your problems.Above all, be critical of your campaign, but donât despair. Readjust and change your strategies, but remember to be in it for the long haul.FINAL THOUGHTSThere can be a number of reasons your content marketing campaign isnât performing, but the above are definitely the first you should examine. Content marketing isnât a magic pill to cure your marketing. But itâs a strategy you, want to try in todayâs digital world. But like any marketing campaign, it requires careful planning and research in order for successful execution.If you do find your campaign s truggling, check the above points and analyze each aspect of your marketing strategy. Donât forget to test and try different things to find the methods that work for your business.
Thursday, May 21, 2020
The Civil War On American History - 1206 Words
country divided, the Civil War left a huge impact in history as it helped form what our nation is today. An inevitable conflict that was due in time to transform into a war, the Civil War was influenced by societal interests, economic changes along with political disagreements. Together, these influences sparked a nation into a great divide that ended in what is known as the deadliest war in American history. Just In the aftermath of the industrial revolution, the Civil War was ignited due to economic changes. By 1830, the most profitable crop known was cotton. Representing the south, cotton was the most exported crop in the Union at the time. An economic booster for the south, it essentially lead to the southââ¬â¢s dependence on plantations. With cotton in high demand, demanded the need for more labor. Those who worked the fields, mainly slaves, endured hard labor and harsh environments. Many slaves were imported, or needed, to meet the high demands for the most important exported crop. However, by this time, the north was already established as an industrial economy. In the north, there was a need for labor, but not necessarily the need for slaves. As an industrial economy, more factories were opened and more ways of transportation were needed to be built such as railroads and steamboats. Coming to a land of opportunity, many immigrants migrated from foreign countries looking for a b etter life. Having better civil rights and liberties than most slaves, these immigrant workersShow MoreRelatedAmerican History : The Civil War1138 Words à |à 5 PagesWar makes us what we are. It changes our lives and makes our past into the future. One of the most important events in American history was the Civil War (1861 to 1865). The Civil War changed thousands of lives and our nation. At the beginning the Civil War, it divided our country but at the end of the Civil War, it brought our country back together recreating the United States. ââ¬Å"But the Civil War defined us as what we are and it opened us to being what we became, good and bad things. It was theRead MoreThe Civil War And American History890 Words à |à 4 Pages In American History many significant events took place that reflected religious faith of multiple Americans and has shaped the world we live in today. Throughout the 1800s, the most memorable times in America took place throughout the Civil War. Events that escalated before, during and even following the Civil War resulted in a chain of reactions from many people within that period. After analyzing the events of the Civil War, I was able to draw a connection to the actions of the soldiers, womenRead MoreThe Civil War And American History1528 Words à |à 7 Pages Before we discuss the Civil War, we need to discuss how and what lead to this major turning point in American History. Both sides, the Union and the Confederate had its reasons to attack each other. Whether it be the lack of contribution towards the government by the South, or the constant disturbance to free slaves from the North, tempers flared years before the first shots were ever fired. The disagreements between the North and the South were too much for the South to endure, they felt forcedRead MoreAmerican History And The Civil War Essay1287 Words à |à 6 PagesOne of American historyââ¬â¢s famous battles involves the diverging of Northern and Southern states . Even when this time period itself is taught, at least from my experience learning it, that divide between Northern and Southern ideology seems even more pronounced. As United States territory expanded, so did hesitations of citizens on both sidesââ¬âboth Northerners and Southerners thought strongholds were put in place to sway governmental opinion, and consequently, actions. In order to bring the nationRead MoreHistory And The American Civil War Essay1927 Words à |à 8 PagesIn the history of the United States, African Americans have always been discriminated against. When Africans first came to America, they were taken against their will and forced to work as laborers. They became slaves to the rich, greedy, lazy Americans. They were given no pay and often badly whipped and beaten. African Americans fought for their freedom, and up until the Civil War it was never given to them. When the Civil War began, they wanted to take part in fighting to free all slaves. TheirRead Mor eThe Civil War And American History2238 Words à |à 9 PagesRachel Lee Professor Salazar History 141 4 December 2014 The Civil War The Civil War is a war that happens within a country and in this case, the Civil War took place in the United States between the North and the South. The Civil War happened between the North and the South for various reasons. Both sides expected a short war with few casualties, and instead a little over 1 million soldiers died in the Civil War. After the war was over, the war left a huge impact on the modern world through theRead MoreAmerican History And The American Civil War1610 Words à |à 7 PagesThroughout American history, the United States Mint has coined several denominations that would now be considered ââ¬Å"oddâ⬠or ââ¬Å"strangeâ⬠by the general public: the half cent, two-cent piece, three-cent piece, half dime, twenty-cent piece, quarter eagle, three dollar piece, half eagle, eagle, and double eagle. At the time, however, many of these were seen in everyday circulation, a completely normal denomination. Each of them had a purpose behind its inception and a practical use after mintage. For exampleRead MoreU.s History : American Civil War1423 Words à |à 6 PagesOmer Bhatti U.S History I Professor Ojserkis U.S History I: Final Paper In early April 1861, the attack on Fort Sumter marked the beginning of the American Civil War. However, the belligerence of both sides of the war began long before the first shot. There is a great deal of possible causes of the Civil War, and in much disagreement with popular belief the war was not solely fought about the existence of slavery. Unfortunately, there is no simple reason why the war began because there were manyRead MoreThe Civil War Is The Deadliest War Of American History Essay1853 Words à |à 8 PagesThe Civil War is the deadliest war in American History. Between 1861 and 1865, over 600,000 brave souls lost their lives at nearly 10,500 battles. By the end of the war, there were nearly 200,000 African-Americans that fought on the side of the North, with 80 percent recruited from slave states (Half Slave and Half Free, 240). Wars are fought over irreconcilable differences. There may not be one specific cause. Directly or indirectly, slavery was intertwined in many of these differences and the physicalRead More History of The American Civil War Essay1540 Words à |à 7 PagesHistory of The American Civil War The Civil War was a brutal war between the North and South of America over the issue of slavery, which was spurred on by the secession of the southern states from the Union of a America. At the time slavery was one of the main issues in America that caused a disagreement between the north and south and these disagreements about humanity and slaves added to the tension that would finally lead to the out break of war. Slavery was almost totally abolished in
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
The Face Before Me Is Youthful And Stern - 1642 Words
The face before me is youthful and stern; his smile is sincere, and inviting yet there is a slight quiver. This may be due to the fact that we have never spoken in such a formal and serious setting. Ernesto Santiago, now 46, is a former member of the Mexican Infanteria de Marina. Ernesto was stationed in Sierra Leà ³n and was put in charge of escorting Pemex employees to inspect tampered company pipelines. Whenever they escorted Pemex employees it was routine to simultaneously monitor cartel members on an open channel. During one of these routine surveillances a cartel member uttered his name. In Mexico it is common knowledge that if your name is being circulated by cartels it is because you have become a target. ââ¬Å"En ese momento mi corazà ³nâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦They have an ambiance, yes we were poor but we were honest, the police was comprised by uncles and cousins.â⬠In his small town children grew up with minimal education and with agriculture being the only career to look forward to. Ernesto however envisioned himself as an educated professional. ââ¬Å"Tenia miedo de la gran ciudad, era enorme. Pero yo sabia que yo no me querà a quedar atrapado en la pobreza y en la vida de campo/ I was afraid of the big city, it was enormous. But I knew that I didnââ¬â¢t want to stay stuck in poverty and having to work in the field.â⬠The nearest university was located in Oaxaca, 20 miles away. ââ¬Å"La ciudad era de hecho enorme me sentà como una idiota y nunca estuve realmente cà ³modo. No me gusto que no reconocà a a nadie. Todos los dà as habà a diferentes personas./ The city was in fact huge. I felt like an Idiot and I was never really able to adjust. I dint know anyone. Everyday there were different people.â⬠The school was a sea of ever changing faces and the only people he could count on were the army officials who checked students as they entered the University. He slowly began conversing with the officials and he became interested in their profession. As academics became overwhelming and expensive he deemed it as a sign that University was not for him. Ernesto decided to then drop out of school and enlisted in the army and became a
Us Economy After the Civil War Free Essays
MSS220 US Economy After the Civil War The north and the south both experienced a slight struggle after the Civil War concerning agriculture, commerce and the state of the economy. A southern newspaper out of Augustus County, The Staunton Spectator, offered several articles that gave insight as to what the conditions were like after the war had ended. One article, ââ¬Å"Grape Cultureâ⬠explained the possible profit one could obtain by adding grapes to their normal crops. We will write a custom essay sample on Us Economy After the Civil War or any similar topic only for you Order Now Grapes were extremely expensive when fully grown since they were used mostly for wine. Although farmers were not skilled enough to make the wine themselves, they could sell the grapes and make a total of 400-500 dollars per acre after purchasing seeds for less than 100 dollars. This article shows that most agriculture in the south was not as profitable as it was before the war. The push to increase agricultural revenue shows that this was a time of struggle. Another article, ââ¬Å"Our Town and Its Businessâ⬠stated that the farmers had been doing well and making some profit despite the poor conditions that followed the war. It described the south as thriftier than ever, with more energy and industry than they had before the war. The article ââ¬Å"Home Industryâ⬠pushed the notion of making their own products at home in the south rather than supporting the north and sending away for household items. Both articles seemed optimistic and supported the idea that southern industry would become stronger in the future. The Valley Spirit was a newspaper from the north in Franklin County, whose articles provided the same insights. One article ââ¬Å"The Coming Crops of this Countryâ⬠explained that the year before had not been very profitable but that in the coming harvest, conditions were ideal. The crops would have a much higher yield than the year before, leading to much more revenue for northern farmers. This article shows the northerners had high hopes for larger profits than the preceding year and for agricultural prosperity. Another article ââ¬Å"Business in Chambersburgâ⬠urged farmers to do their business locally rather than in larger cities. Buying produce from local stores costs just as much as it did in the larger cities . It was also heaper to buy products in bulk from the local stores since discounts were given when products were bought in larger quantities. Again, the article shows that saving money was of high interest to the northerners and that local support was needed. Both newspapers show that the economy all over the country was not as strong as it was before the war. They both seem to focus on the increase of agricultural profit, saving money and an optimistic outlook on the future. Though the articles showed that the north and south did not want to support each other, it was obvious that they were going through the same struggles. How to cite Us Economy After the Civil War, Essay examples
Sunday, April 26, 2020
Pure competition vs. monopolistic competition
Number of participants firms In a pure competitive market structure, the buyer does not have any effect on the price level of goods in the market. This is contributed by the fact that number of buyers and sellers in the market place is large enough and acting on an independent scale (Pindyck, 2001). If this characteristic is compared with monopolistic competition, it is noticeable that there exist many firms selling the same product in the market. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Pure competition vs. monopolistic competition specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Furthermore, some firms are ready to enter the market in order to participate in selling the same products. In consideration of the fact that there are many firms in the market, it is possible to set individual price levels. One of determining factor to the number of firms in a monopolistic completion is the extent to which product has been differentiated and also the amount of fixed cost associated with running the industry (Gans, 2003). Types of products Products in a purely competitive firm assume a standard nature (Gans, 2003). These products are fundamentally identical in nature. An example is a combination of potatoes and wheat in agricultural sector. On the other hand, products in a monopolistic firm are highly differentiated. This means that the firms sell products that have less difference in their characteristics. This statement does not denote that the goods can act as substitutes but it brings to surface the fact that their cross price elasticity is positive when it is calculated. Consequently, the change in price of one good have a subsequent effect on the quantity demanded of another good. To further describe the nature of monopolistic goods, it can be highlighted that such goods executes the same roles but the difference is in the specifics of the products such as quality and location. Control over prices The price levels in a purely competitive industry are determined by the point of intersection between the supply and demand curves. Individual firms are under obligation to sell their products as determined by the industry. If a firm sells its products above the price in the market, then no one will buy from the firm in consideration of the fact that there exist cheap and similar products in the industry. Conclusion can therefore be made that prices are determined by the industry. In a monopolistic competition, firm determines its own price level in a market segment. This factor is supported by the fact that products are highly differentiated thus the buyer cannot draw much difference between products. A decision made by one firm cannot have much effect on other companies in the same segment. To sum up the price statement in a monopolistic competition, each firm is at liberty to choose on the price level a decision which may not affect other firms. This is against earlier mentioned price determin ation structure of pure competition.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conditions of enter the industry There is ease of entry into a monopolistic industry. The long run aspect is that firms can enter and leave the industry at any time. A condition describing this monopolistic competition is that several firms are exclusive in nature and wants to display their products in the market at their own prices with an aim of making profits. There is high probability that the cost level will increase due to intense advertisement done. If these sunk costs are not managed well by a firm then it will be forced to quit the industry. On the contrary, purely competitive market structures have easy entry and exit conditions. There is no related cost such as sunk cost. Non price competition Monopolistic competition emphasizes differentiating its products in order to gain competitive advantage over other firms. The use of intensive advertisement is meant to attract more buyers consequently making profits. A purely competitive firm does not have any non price competition strategy simply because firms are price takers. The industry decides for the firm the price level it will have to sell its products and services. Examples A good example of purely competitive industry is the agricultural sector where potatoes and wheat are the specific product groups. Motor vehicle industry makes up a monopolistic competition. They can perform nearly the same functions but has specific attributes or qualities recognizable by potential buyers. These goods are not close substitutes but their cross price elasticity is positive in description. Pure competition vs. oligopoly Number of participants firms In an oligopoly market segment, the number of firms is few simply because of the existence of some barriers to entry (Depken, 2005). The firms depend on each other and this forms a reason for t he inclusion of market barriers. Their aim is to perpetually control the market segment. This contrasts with a purely competitive market where the number of buyers and sellers in the market is large. There are no barriers to entry into a competitive market structure. Types of products The products in an oligopoly market are uniform or differentiated. Examples of such products include the petroleum industry (BP and other firms) and the industry dealing with soft drinks (coca cola). With a purely competitive structure the products are in standard form (Depken, 2005). An example given is the agricultural sector selling a combination of potatoes and wheat. Control over prices Oligopoly market structure participates in setting their prices divergent from a purely competitive structure where the firms take the prices from the industry. Oligopoly market structure produce where their marginal costs is equated to marginal revenue consequently maximizing profits.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Pure competition vs. monopolistic competition specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Conditions of enter the industry There are high level of barriers to entry and exit in an oligopoly market structure. Some of the available instruments used by the industry to prevent entry are: patent rights, economies of scale, and other deliberate actions done by firms to discourage prospective firms. On the other hand, a purely competitive market has free entry and exit phenomenon. Non price competition Differentiation of products is evident within an oligopoly structure. A great extent of these products is from industries. They can also take up the description of being homogeneous. Within a purely competitive market structure, non price competition is less. Examples As mention in the text, examples of oligopoly structure are a combination of firms dealing with industrial products such as the steel industry. In the same vein, f irms selling with durable consumer goods fall under the category of oligopoly (Davies, 2005). An example of a purely competitive industry is the agricultural sector selling wheat and potatoes. Pure competition vs. pure monopoly Number of participants firms Pure monopoly market structure is characterized by existence of a single producer or seller in a market segment while a purely competitive structure has many buyers and sellers. The firm is usually owned by a government so as to exclusively control production and guard the public interest from exploitation. Types of products The products available in a pure monopoly are distinctive in character because of the fact that the firm is the only producer or seller in a market. There are no close substitutes for such product consequently justifying the fact that the product supplied by a firm is exceptional. Control over prices Monopolies have mastered the art of taking control over prices. They can easily point out the amount to charge their customers at any one point in time. In this case therefore, the monopolists are termed as price makers (Depken, 2005). So as to come up with a price level, comparison with the output quantity is made. The objective of such action is to limit exploiting potential customers. Conditions of enter the industry Pure monopoly operates under barriers to entry. Such barriers include patent rights, advancement in technology appreciated by the firm and possession of good status. Furthermore, access to critical resources for production is among the entry barriers. With a pure competitive market structure, there are no barriers to entry or exit.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Non price competition In recognition of the fact that monopolist conduct solely the activities of the industry, non price actions are not necessary (Davies, 2005). Advertisements are only employed by the firm in a bid to establish real contact with the customers through public relations. Pure competitive market structure does not have any non price competition. Examples Example of pure monopoly is the power generation company operated by a stated government. This is a sensitive area which requires large magnitude of resources. It can also be observed that power generation is a sensitive area of an economy. Other example of pure monopolies comprises the locally used utilities. References Davies, A., Cline, T. (2005). ââ¬Å"A Consumer Behavior Approach to Modeling Monopolistic Competitionâ⬠. Journal of Economic Psychology 26: 797ââ¬â826 Depken, C. (2005). ââ¬Å"10â⬠. Microeconomics Demystified. New Jersey: McGraw Hill. Gans, J., King, S., Stonecash, R., Mankiw, G. (2 003). Principles of Economics. Melbourne: Thomson Learning. Pindyck, R., Rubinfeld, D. (2001). Microeconomics . Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. This essay on Pure competition vs. monopolistic competition was written and submitted by user Dak0ta to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.
Wednesday, March 18, 2020
Free Essays on I Heard Ther Owl Call My Name
come back to him from across the narrow channel, softly and eerily as if from some other world.â⬠This shows how he understands his environment. Another example is found on page 47. ââ¬Å" but keetah it isnââ¬â¢t the whole life of thew swimmer i9s one courage and adventure. All of it builds to the climax and the end. When the swimmer dies he has spent himself completely for the end of which he was made, and this is not sadness, it is triumph.â⬠This shows that he has thought of this deep ly and has learned from it. Here is an example of what life environmentally wise, was like for the mark. ââ¬Å" how would he live again in the world he had almost forgotten, where men throw up smoke screens between themselves and the fundamentals whose existence the fear but seldom admit?â⬠pages 145. Those showed that instead of just seeing his environment he actually unders... Free Essays on I Heard Ther Owl Call My Name Free Essays on I Heard Ther Owl Call My Name I heard the owl call my name In the book ââ¬Å"I heard the owl call my nameâ⬠by Margaret Craven, the main character Mark Brown sees life differently because of his new environment he has been placed in, Kingcome. Mark learns and understands himself more in his new setting. Within the book many passages show that he learned that he was like a swimmer and belongs with them. On page 47 Marta says ââ¬Å" The swimmer is your relative. You belong to the salmon people.â⬠never in marks wildest dreams would he ever consider himself related to the swimmer; and so he learned something new about himself. Another thing Mark learned and understood about himself was how well he adopted to new things. These are just some of the ways Mark learned and understood more about him. Some other ways Mark saw life differently was in his his surroundings, he came to understand and respect them more. On page 147 an example of this reads. ââ¬Ë here he gave the ashes of calamity to the sea, and when he came to the last words of the committal, rest eternal grant unto him O Lord.â⬠he heard the echo of the words come back to him from across the narrow channel, softly and eerily as if from some other world.â⬠This shows how he understands his environment. Another example is found on page 47. ââ¬Å" but keetah it isnââ¬â¢t the whole life of thew swimmer i9s one courage and adventure. All of it builds to the climax and the end. When the swimmer dies he has spent himself completely for the end of which he was made, and this is not sadness, it is triumph.â⬠This shows that he has thought of this deep ly and has learned from it. Here is an example of what life environmentally wise, was like for the mark. ââ¬Å" how would he live again in the world he had almost forgotten, where men throw up smoke screens between themselves and the fundamentals whose existence the fear but seldom admit?â⬠pages 145. Those showed that instead of just seeing his environment he actually unders...
Monday, March 2, 2020
The Right Climate
The Right Climate The Right Climate The Right Climate By Sharon With some words, a single letter can completely change the meaning. Take the letter c and the words climactic and climatic. Theres not much difference in spelling and the words even sound the same, but theres a world of difference in meaning. Climactic Climactic comes from the word climax. This has to do with the progression of events, in which the climactic moment is the moment of greatest intensity. Its that point in a serial killer thriller where it looks like the villain is going to win out against the hero. Its that point when feelings are at their highest. It can also be used to indicate a pivotal moment in history. Example: The climactic moment in the early history of man came when our ancestors left the trees and began to walk on the ground. Climatic Climatic on the other hand is all about the climate. If you can use the word weather, then climatic is the word you want. Example: Severe climatic conditions led to snow storms in July. Putting It All Together Now you know the difference, it is easy to tell that the climatic conditions of the Ice Age represented the climactic period of the age of the dinosaurs. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How to Punctuate References to Dates and TimesCapitalization Rules for Names of Historical Periods and MovementsComment, Suggestion, and Feedback
Saturday, February 15, 2020
The Cranes by peter meinke Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
The Cranes by peter meinke - Essay Example The bare plot of the story is quite simple: a couple who have mated for life are driving on the seashore and watching the Whooping Cranes, which also mate for life. They admire the cranes and wish that they could see a mating dance. There is not any time to wait, because the woman has a terminal disease. We are never told what the disease is, but we can guess at lung cancer from her coughing. At the end of the story we are not quite sure what will happen, but the author hints that the husband will kill the wife and then himself. The most ironic note in the story is that Whooping Cranes were once almost extinct, but are now a viable population. We might wonder if humans who mate for life are as lucky. We learn all of this in a just a few pages, because the writer uses what we now about the cranes and what most people know about the controversial subject of euthanasia is also used. The description of the tall and stately cranes hints at how the author see the two people, dignified. This is a mainstay of the euthanasia controversy, that people have the right to die with dignity. We find out how old the couple is by the conversation. The man says that he has been coming for years and never seen a Whooping Crane. When she says they make the little birds look like clowns makes him mention that he could use some laughter. This prompts her to wonder if this is the right things to do. She says she feels responsible. It is then that we get a fuller picture of this couple, who have, apparently, been married a very long time. He answers her statement that she feels responsible with a list of all the things he cannot do, and we realize that his health is not very good. At this point we do not know that it is she who is terminally ill, but her statements hint at this. At first read, we might assume that this couple do not believe in God. However, that is not really what is said. She mentions a time when he got
Sunday, February 2, 2020
Future Healthcare Informatics Technology Research Paper
Future Healthcare Informatics Technology - Research Paper Example Most elderly people do not want to be kept in institutions for the old and having a person constantly employed to taking care of them may prove costly in the long run. These groups of aged people are also at high risk for serious health conditions such as those mentioned above and hence their caregiver should have medical background and if not may then require also a health worker nearby. The technology in discussion will be wearable and hence not a burden to the elderly individual and will monitor the health changes in the body such as the heartbeat, pulse rate, blood pressure, temperature among others which will assist in detecting the changes that may indicate onset of the serious conditions and hence immediate health care will be provided. It is an example of a preventative mechanism. The most obvious of the positive impact of this technology is the reduced cost of providing care to the elderly in the long run. In a family where there are several elderly people all requiring attention and do not wish to go to an institution, the device will prove cost effective as there will be no need of hiring helpers of nurses to monitor their health condition. By just having the device, the family can be able to monitor their changes in health and immediately a problem is detected, then help can be sought. The other positive impact is that the old people will be able to wear the sensor device anywhere and it therefore cannot hinder them from carrying out their daily routine. The advantage to this is that wherever the person is, they can be tracked and hence will also act as a monitor of movement in case of those who might have memory problems. The elderly are also able to remain in the confine of their homes even those with health conditions such as heart conditions without having to spend all their time in hospitals being monitored. This will however require self-discipline from the user of the technology not to remove
Saturday, January 25, 2020
Bridges Essay examples -- essays research papers
REASEARCH PAPER Bridges have been around sense the beginning of time. The Ancient Roman engineers used two significant innovations, the cofferdam and cement. The cofferdam is when the put wooden spikes in to the bottom of the river then used watertight clay over the spikes to make a bridge. Now today there are more efficient ways to make a bridge then just out of cement and clay. There are Suspension Bridges, Arch Bridges, Covered Bridges and many more. Suspension bridges have become a very common method of bridge construction in the last century. For example the Brooklyn Bridge, George Washington Bridge, Golden Gate Bridge and the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge. These bridges all use the conventional suspension bridge design were large cables are suspended between towers and smaller cables ar...
Thursday, January 16, 2020
Father of the Year Essay
Many people in Maycomb County , Alabama gathered to watch Atticus Finch defend Tom Robinson , a black man. The odds were already against Tom Robinson and Atticus becauseTom Robinson was black and Mayella Ewell was white. Tom Robinson is being accused raping Mayella Ewell in her own home when he was suppose to be helping her with some work. Mayella told Tom Robinson to ââ¬Å" â⬠¦ come here, nigger, and bust up this chifferobefor me, I gotta nickel you. â⬠According to her after she asked him to bust up the chifferobe tree he attempted to rape her. Before Atticus Finch even had a chance to question Mayella , she burst out in tears. She burst into tear when the judge simply said ââ¬Å"Just tell us what happenedâ⬠. At the stand Mayella was a nervous break down. Within the first few questions that Atticus asked her she freaked out because she thought that Atticus was ââ¬Å"mockinâ⬠her. Atticus was only being polite by calling her maââ¬â¢am and Ms. Mayella , and Mayella seemed to just take in offense. During the questioning by Atticus , Mayella kept her same story, that Tom Robinson raped her. She seemed to be unsure about that story mid-way through the questioning. Actually some of her responses to Atticusââ¬â¢s questions didnââ¬â¢t make sense or she wouldnââ¬â¢t respond at all. She told the court room that Tom Robinson hit her with his left hand on the right side of her face, even though his left Crises in Maycomb By: Kevon McClary hand is paralyzed from an accident that accord while he was a child. The odd thing is that Mayella father, Bob Ewell , is left handed and was allegedly at the crime after the ââ¬Å"rapeâ⬠occurred. Throughout most of her questioning Mayella seemed as if she was confused. Mayella once stated ââ¬Å" No, I donââ¬â¢t recollect if he hit me. I mean yes I do, he hit meâ⬠. Mayella not speaking clearly during the questioning may lead the jury to think that she is lying about her story. [ In the picture above you will see Atticus Finch questioning Mayella Ewell. ] The last couple of questions that Atticus was asking Mayella , Mayella seemed to be getting angrier by the question. There was absolutely nothing that Mayella Ewell could be getting mad about. If I was in the jury , Mayella getting aggravated, nervous, and crying that would somewhat lead to me believing the she was lying about the whole thing. Mayella really seemed to be enraged when she said her finale statement , ââ¬Å"That nigger yonder took advantage of me anââ¬â¢ if you fine fancy gentlemen donââ¬â¢t wanta do nothinââ¬â¢ about it then youââ¬â¢re all yellow stinkinââ¬â¢ cowards, stinkinââ¬â¢ cowards, the lot of you. Your fancy airs donââ¬â¢t come to nothinââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬âyour maââ¬â¢aminââ¬â¢ and Miss Mayellerinââ¬â¢ donââ¬â¢t come to nothinââ¬â¢, Mr. Finch. â⬠My opinion of this trial is that Tom Robinson is innocent. From Mayella freaking out , to the obvious evidence that points out Tom Robinsonââ¬â¢s innocent. I think that Mayella Ewell is a great person, just raised by the wrong father. In a way it seems like all of Mayella answers were what Bob Ewell wanted her to say . She knows the truth behind it all , whether she wants to tell it or not. Itââ¬â¢s already obvious to the jury and the courtroom that tom Robinson is innocent. But the only thing is that Tom Robinson is an African American male whose word is not as important as the white man or even the white woman.
Wednesday, January 8, 2020
The Moral Issue of Death Penalty Free Essay Example, 1250 words
The argument is especially credible because a criminal who is fully aware that the criminal justice system will hand him or her death penalty will seek more favorable penalties by refraining from murder. It is rational, therefore, to argue that the average criminal may refrain from robbery even if they did not have the intention of murdering the property owner or possessor, because they are aware that ordinary cases of crime might lead to the death of those who are in the scene of crime (Moore, 2014). The argument is particularly logical in the sense that if the average criminal was aware of the fact that they might be forced to use excessive force in their commission of a property crime, most cases are likely to be dissuaded from executing the crime in the first place in a jurisdiction where death penalty is real and generously applied. Apart from crime deterrent functions, death penalty brings about closure for victims of murder. There are numerous victims of every murder case, in cluding relatives, friends, workmates and the immediate community in which a deceased party belonged. We will write a custom essay sample on The Moral Issue of Death Penalty or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now The quest for settlement of every murder case starts with the apprehending of the criminal, his or her trial, and conviction (Rachels, 1997). During the long and tedious process, the victims normally anticipate that courts will hand in the severest of punishment to bring about some settlement in the case even if the penalty will not bring the dead person back to life. Despite the fact that the overwhelming grief of the loss of a loved one begins with the knowledge of the murder and may not end with the execution of the culprit, capital punishment creates a sense of relief that the criminal has been handed a punishment that is commensurate to his or her murderous actions or inactions. The primary argument against death penalty is that it does not punish the criminals. Neither does it work towards rehabilitating the individuals who are condemned of murder (Moore, 2014). The punishment test requires all criminals to be handed some kind of experience th at is commensurate with the crime they committed.
Tuesday, December 31, 2019
History Of The Monroe Doctrine Of 1823 Essay - 1076 Words
The History of the Monroe Doctrine of 1823 Israel Cordero Central High School November 9, 2015 3rd Period Abstract The Monroe Doctrine had a great impact due to its strict policy towards the European powers. It wanted to keep the U.S. trade safe from European powers and colonization. Without this important doctrine/document the Europeans would have most likely colonized, interfered with, and disrupted the western hemisphere and also the trade systems connected with them. The U.S. also would not be a balanced nation and have a balanced foreign policy without the Monroe Doctrine, which was also known as the back bone of the U.S. foreign policy. The History of the Monroe Doctrine of 1823 In this essay I will be explaining to you all on how the Monroe Doctrine came to be, who the document was authored by and how they gained the inspiration and where he got his ideas for this document from. I will explain what nations were affected by the policies of the Doctrine which I will explain in a little bit. I will explain how this document helped the Mexican President Juarez in successfully revolting against the Emperor Maximillian of the French. I will also cover how the British affected the document and also how President Roosevelt wanted to extend the Doctrine with his ââ¬Å"Roosevelt Corollary.â⬠This document all began with the 5th president of the United States, James Madison. He tried to come up with some ideas to prevent Spain from repossessing the Western Hemisphere. So heShow MoreRelatedMonroe Doctrine1660 Words à |à 7 PagesMonroe Doctrine The Monroe Doctrine can be considered as the United States first major declaration to the world as a fairly new nation. The Monroe Doctrine was a statement of United States policy on the activity and rights of powers in the Western Hemisphere during the early to mid 1800s. The doctrine established the United States position in the major world affairs of the time. Around the time of the Napoleonic Wars in the 1820s, Mexico, Argentina, Chile and Colombia all gained their independenceRead MoreHistorical Significance of the Monroe Doctrine Essay1192 Words à |à 5 PagesPresident James Monroe declared ââ¬Å"In the discussions to which this interest has given rise and in the arrangements by which they may terminate the occasion has b een judged proper for asserting, as a principle in which the rights and interests of the United States are involved, that the American continents, by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers,â⬠on December 2, 1823 in the MonroeRead More1.President Monroe Believed That The United States Had1470 Words à |à 6 Pages1. President Monroe believed that the United States had earned their independence and that European powers had no right to intervene or try to rule to U.S. The Monroe Doctrine was essentially President Monroe telling Europe that the United State was independent and that the U.S. would not have conflicts with them if Europe did not try to overpower them and dictate their country. Monroe told the European powers that the future role they played in the Western Hemisphere is that they were to treat theRead MoreThe Monroe Doctrine And The Modern F ramework For American Domestic Affairs950 Words à |à 4 PagesIntended as an annual message to Congress in 1823, President James Monroeââ¬â¢s speech, The Monroe Doctrine, evolved into the modern framework for American domestic affairs. Monroeââ¬â¢s proposed domestic policy was the Presidentââ¬â¢s way of attempting to secure The United Statesââ¬â¢ newly acquired land. Not even a decade after the War of 1812 was resolved, many Americans were concerned when it came to United Statesââ¬â¢ involvement in foreign wars. This unsettlement in America was largely due to a controlling andRead MoreEssay about Foreign Policy - Roosevelt Corollary1109 Words à |à 5 PagesThe Roosevelt Corollary greatly affected American foreign policy. It was in sharp contrast to the Monroe Doctrine, put in place to stop foreign intervention with the American continents. In 1823 President Monroe implemented US policy that stated European powers were not allowed to colonize or interfere with th e newly budding United States or the Americas. In 1904 President Roosevelt expanded upon this policy in response to European intervention with Latin America. This policy became known asRead MoreMonroe Doctrine Essay1607 Words à |à 7 PagesThe Monroe Doctrine James Monroe was born in 1758 in Westmoreland County, Virginia. He attended school until the age of sixteen. He then entered the College of William and Mary (Sauer, 2000, p. 233). Monroe enlisted in the army during the Revolutionary War and at the age of eighteen he became lieutenant. He served under Washington and he was later made a captain for his efforts in the battle at Trenton, New Jersey, where he was wounded in the shoulder. From then on Monroe was active inRead MoreAmerican Diplomacy That Kissinger Notes And What Makes American Diplomatic History Unique?1466 Words à |à 6 PagesKhalil Akil U.S. History Since 1877 U.S. History Introductory Paper August 31, 2015 In this paper I will be answering the following questions. ââ¬Å"What are the inherent tensions in American Diplomacy that Kissinger notes and what makes American diplomatic history unique?â⬠ââ¬Å"To what extent would you define yourself as a realist or an idealist in regards to American foreign policy?â⬠ââ¬Å"What unique factors contribute to American expansionism and isolationism?â⬠The inherent tensions in American diplomacyRead MoreAmerica s Changing Foreign Policy2460 Words à |à 10 Pages The Monroe Doctrine was an assertion of President James Monroe regarding U.S. foreign policy in 1823. In the Doctrine, the President denounced European powersââ¬â¢ any further attempt to colonize and exploit Latin American countries, while promising not to interfere any existing European colonies in the Americas. The Monroe Doctrine was one of the greatest turning points in American foreign policy as it marked the beginning of Americaââ¬â¢s rapid development as a world power. Over the past two hundredRead MoreThe War Of 1812 Was A Major Part Of History983 Words à |à 4 PagesThe War of 1812 was a major part of history in Americaââ¬â¢s battle to become independent. This was the United States ââ¬Å"Second War for Independenceâ⬠from the British. After the War of 1812 there were major consequences that would change the lives of the Americans forever. Both industry and foreign relations were heavily impacted after the war. Industry flourished with new technology, the idea of interchangeable parts and the cotton gin. The cotton gin saved valuable time and interchangeable parts madeRead MoreThe Monroe Doctrine And The United States Of America880 Words à |à 4 Pagesthe history of the world has been greatly influenced by the young nation of the United States of America. One of the earliest forms of this influence came on Dec. 2, 1823 in President James Monroeââ¬â¢s annual message to congress. In his address, he outlined his beliefs on keeping European powers out of Latin America for the good of the US. This section of his speech became known as The Monroe Doctrine. About 80 years later, President Theodore Roosevelt built on top of the ideas in the Monroe Doctrine
Monday, December 23, 2019
Internet Privacy Government Should Not Regulate...
Internet Privacy: Government Should Not Regulate Encryption or Cryptography Privacy rights have been an important issue through out time, and it has been increasing in importance as we have moved into the electronic/information age. Keeping that privacy had become a growing concern for many businesses and consumers. With all the information being sent across the web, people are very concerned about their personal information falling into the wrong hands. One way to help protect your privacy on the net is by using an encryption program. Even though they are not completely unbreakable, an encryption program is one of the best ways to protect against outside intrusions. Despite this fact, the government wants too place legislation onâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Citizens, against illegal search and seizure. (Some even believe that it goes against our First Amendment rights, as in the case of Bernstein v. Dept Justice. In this case, U.S. District Court Judge Marilyn Patel ruled that the rights of academic cryptographer, Daniel Bernstein, were violated by the ex port controls on encryption. Patel ruled that computer source code is a form of speech protected under the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. (EFF Press Release...) This was an important step in the fight against government regulation on encryption.) By allowing the government free access to encryption keys, we are practically giving the government permission to freely snoop in our personal lives. Therefore, by forcing encryption system users to give them their decryption keys, the government is pretty much forcing people to give up their right to privacy on the internet. It is illegal to search a house or even a car without sufficient cause and I feel that the your electronic communications, which include: e-mail, FAX messages, fund transfers, trade secrets, and health records, should be dealt with in the same way. The government states that these encryption keys are necessary to survey possible criminal or terrorist activities. It claims that without access to the keys of all encrypted messages, its ability to fight crime and prevent terrorism will be devastated. (ACLU White Paper) Yet, 83 percent of all government surveillance in theShow MoreRelated Government Intervention On The Internet Essay1398 Words à |à 6 Pages Government Intervention on the Internet nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;During the last decade, our society has become based on the sole ability to move large amounts of information across great distances quickly. Computerization has influenced everyones life in numerous ways. The natural evolution of computer technology and this need for ultra-fast communications has caused a global network of interconnected computers to develop. This global network allows a person to send E-mail acrossRead MoreInformation on the Internet Essay2584 Words à |à 11 PagesInformation on the Internet During the past decade, our society has become based solely on the ability to move large amounts of information across great distances in a very short amount of time and at very low costs. The evolution of the computer era and our growing need for ultra-fast communications has caused a global network of interconnected computers to develop, commonly referred to as the Internet or the world wide web. The Internet has influenced Read More Encryption: Privacy versus National Security Essay2485 Words à |à 10 Pagesà à à à Abstract: The use of encryption by individuals is growing at a tremendous rate, and since 1991 cryptography issues have engulfed both the U.S. government as well as the computing industry. One of the most controversial of these issues is whether encryption should be made supremely secure to the highest-level current technology will allow, or whether a master key should be locked away somewhere, only to be used when absolutely justified.à Both sides of the issue have their benefits and detriments;Read MoreCryptography And The Egyptian Tomb Of A Nobleman2221 Words à |à 9 Pagesinformation from others. This could be for reasons of espionage, having a secret that shouldnââ¬â¢t be shared or some other well-guarded right. Cryptography, encryption and various other methods have been used in history and are constantly evolving into what we are using today to protect our data from getting stolen, hacked and lives peeked at. Cryptography, at least in some form, has been around since 1900 BC where the first known evidence had been seen in an Egyptian tomb of a nobleman, KhnuhotepRead MoreOnline Security and Payment Systems: Review Questions2032 Words à |à 9 Pagespresentation outlining your vision of the new opportunities for cybercrime. 6-3 1. WHY IS IT LESS RISKY TO STEAL ONLINE? EXPLAIN SOME OF THE WAYS CRIMINALS DECEIVE CONSUMERS AND MERCHANTS. ï⠢ ï⠢ The potential for anonymity on the Internet can allow criminals to assume identities that look legitimate and at the same time, shield them from law enforcement agencies. Using these assumed identities, criminals can place fraudulent orders with online merchants, intercept e-mail, stealRead MoreEssay about Privacy of Personal Information on the Internet1961 Words à |à 8 PagesPrivacy of Personal Information on the Internet . Introduction Due to the rise of the internet, information privacy has become a first level social and political issue gaining a global position. Globalization of the privacy issue has been driven by worldwide trade, communication, travel, and marketing. As computer networks make it easier to find, store, and process information, it is becoming harder for individuals to keep their data private. The regulatory approach for protectingRead MoreInformation Systems Security Review3002 Words à |à 12 Pagesfrom improper access, disclosure, or destruction (Spagnoletti and Resca, 2008). This is possible if the system ensures availability, confidentiality, as well as integrity of any data in an organization. Corporations, financial institutions, and governments have a lot of information on products, finances, research, and employees. This information usually resides in electronic media and may move from one point to another. Furthermore, with the advances in networks, transmission to other computers orRead MoreOnline Banking42019 Words à |à 169 PagesInternet Banking Table of Contents Chapterââ¬â1ââ¬â Introduction 0 Chapterââ¬â2ââ¬â Internet Banking a new medium 7 Chapter--3 - International experience 19 Chapter -4 -The Indian Scenario 33 Chapter- 5- Types of risks associated with Internet banking 41 Chapter- 6- Technology And Security Standards For Internet - Banking 49 Chapter -7 - Legal Issues involved in Internet Banking 74 Chapter- 8- Regulatory and supervisory concerns 84 Chapterââ¬â9 - Recommendations 98 Annexure 1 111 Annexure 2 112 Read MoreMobile Voting System7105 Words à |à 29 PagesIdeas about SMS security Security alternative Various Encryption-decryption algorithm use 2.5.1 Quasigroups Encryption Algorithms 2.5.1.1 2.5.1.2 2.5.1.3 Encryption Decryption Composition of encryption and decryption 2.5.2 Transposition Algorithm Techniques 2.5.3 Data Encryption Standard (DES) 2.6 2.7 Optimal method of encryption for our proposed system Detailed discussion about the selected encryption algorithm 2.7.1 One time padding in Encryption 2.8 Advantages of using the algorithm CHAPTER 3:Read More Copyright in Cyberspace Essay4853 Words à |à 20 Pagesââ¬Å"Cyberspace will render law ineffective.â⬠ââ¬Å"There is no way to police cyberspace.â⬠ââ¬Å"The government cannot penetrate cyberspace with its laws and regulations.â⬠These are all relatively common views. Part of this trend is the belief that intellectual property cannot be protected on the Internet because of perceived inherent characteristics of cyberspace. Some even believe this to be a good thing, that there should be no barriers that hinder the flow of information, no protection over an authorââ¬â¢s publications
Sunday, December 15, 2019
Reflection On Experience Free Essays
Last fall I started my Full-time MBA program. I was assigned to a group of five members, including myself. As part of our orientation, our first exercise was to take on a ropes course as a group. We will write a custom essay sample on Reflection On Experience or any similar topic only for you Order Now This exercise helped us to know more about each other and become more cohesive as we were unfamiliar with each other and meeting for the first time. We came from different backgrounds, different cultures, and different countries, but we shared similar goals. We had members that worked in operations, marketing, finance, and supply chain; some of us never worked in teams, so it was important for us to know each otherââ¬â¢s strengths and weaknesses and address each. We agreed as a group to make the most of our experience and try to help each other in achieving our goals. There were two sets of goals that our team worked for. We, as a group, hoped not only to deliver whatever requirements were in the programââ¬â¢s curriculum, but also we aimed to grow as individuals and as a group. It was evident from day one that each member of this team was aiming to excel and becoming distinct from other groups. Our common goal of excelling made it easier for us to find a common ground, and we felt that our goals were attainable as long as we show commitment and dedication. As any group, we had our share of positive and negative experiences that I will shed some light on in this paper. Although our group was highly functional and motivated towards succeeding in achieving our goals, there were few unexplored issues that I hope we work on in the remainder of our tenure. This paper provides my personal reflection of some behaviors administered by members of my group and myself as well. Those behaviors impacted the functionality and the effectiveness of our team. The first part shall discuss the positive behaviors that I observed from other team members whom I believe had a huge impact on our team. The second part will be a self-evaluation of my behavior in the context of a study group, in particular negative behaviors and how to avoid them in future projects. One positive behavior that I observed from a couple of our team members on a regular basis is taking the initiative. In my opinion, this was a significant factor in our success as a group last quarter, and it taught me how to perceive my self and others in order to identify strengths and weaknesses and how vital it is to be proactive within a group. On several occasions throughout the last quarter, those two members launched new initiatives that led to changes in the way we tackle things as a group and the way we approach problems. This proactive behavior helped us to avoid some problems that we might have faced before they even occurred. Some problems like working under pressure when deadlines are imminent or doing repetitive work were avoided as both of those members anticipated them in advance and pointed out how to avoid such problems. Those two membersââ¬â¢ actions were usually consistent with our goals as a group, and I believe that we helped them become proactive by allowing them to take the initiative and not squandering their efforts. Their ideas were usually listened to carefully and we allowed them to try it. Also if mistakes were made, it was never held against them so we donââ¬â¢t close the window on takinf the initiative in the future, whether from their side or any other group member. It is the same concept as ââ¬Å"rewardâ⬠and ââ¬Å"punishmentâ⬠that was discussed in class; as any other behavior, proactive behavior if rewarded it will flourish and if punished or blamed it will be discouraged. The difference in our case is that the ââ¬Å"rewardâ⬠was being listened to or appreciating the effort, and the ââ¬Å"punishmentâ⬠was blaming them for making mistakes. Although our team never had an assigned leader, but usually those members who took the initiative assumed the role of leadership by default. This was another enlightening moment for me as I learned in order to lead, I have to take the initiative and become more proactive. I believe that this proactive behavior from those members helped us enhance our performance and helped us to avoid being complacent or passive. Another reason, in my opinion, motivated us in embracing some of their ideas, is our sense that those ideas were for the greater benefit of our group and wasnââ¬â¢t seeking any personal benefit or gain. Even though at times the room for being proactive was narrow, especially when we were working on tight schedules or deadlines were approaching, such behavior was evident throughout the quarter. Another positive behavior that I noticed from one of our group members is support. Support plays an essential role in the success of any group as it not only enhances the overall performance of the group, but it makes the group more cohesive and helps building trust. Each member of our group came from a different functional area or background, so it was essential to recognize that each of us is stronger in certain areas and weaker in other ones. This particular member was very supportive to our group members, and by support I donââ¬â¢t mean only helping in solving problems. His support extended to helping completing tasks on time even if it wasnââ¬â¢t assigned to him, giving encouragement and feedback to our group members, and taking extra tasks when needed. This behavior helped in creating a sense of collaboration and made the group more cohesive. He also supported any ideas that were suggested, regardless whether they were approved or not, he showed real interest in every idea or suggestion. Such behavior encouraged our group members to speak more openly and allowed for more contribution. It increased our group loyalty and generated trust among our group members. On the other hand, one negative behavior that I personally need to work on is not allowing other team members to express their ideas and opinions. Sometimes I feel very strong about my ideas that I shut down towards other ideas from other team members. In particular there is one team member of ours that is usually left out, so we as a team should take the responsibility for such a negative behavior. I realize that a group works best when everyone is allowed to contribute in the discussions during the meetings and benefit from the diversity in our group by bringing in different ideas; however, this one member usually chooses not to contribute and we never encouraged her to overcome this obstacle. We tend to forget that this member is not used to working in teams, and this might be the reason she is finding difficulties to contribute effectively in our team meetings and in the decision making process. I believe that we, as a group, allowed this behavior to develop throughout the quarter until it became a habit. According to the ââ¬Å"Social Information Processing Modelâ⬠, as part of the judgment process, Fundamental Attribution Bias is ââ¬Å"the tendency to develop explanations that rely on the internal state of people when we focus on someone elseââ¬â¢s behavior. â⬠We attributed her lack of participation to her lack of skill or ability, and completely over looked the possibility that it could be attributed to other external factors. External factors such as cultural difference or unfamiliarity of working in a team could have been the reason behind her lack of contribution. Our failure to address those issues on the spot could have been the reason why those issues evolved and led to a self-limiting behavior from her side, which ultimately led to a lack in self-efficacy. This behavior affected her self-confidence in her ability of making significant contributions to the team causing her to disengage from team discussions and withhold ideas or opinions. Another negative behavior that I need to address is procrastination. I have a habit of putting off work until last minute. I do not believe I demonstrate this behavior because I am lazy or because I cannot manage my time efficiently, but because I always have a sense of ability of finishing the assigned task in less time. During earning my undergraduate bachelor degree in Civil Engineering, I was used to working in crunch time and finishing the tasks right before they are due. It was not much of my choice, but due to the enormous amount of work I was rarely able to finish those tasks ahead of schedule. Unfortunately, I carried this habit with me to my group work last quarter. I never failed to meet a deadline, but by the end of the quarter a considerable amount of work was accumulated and I had to work extremely hard in order not to miss deadlines. I could have easily avoided this issue if I had started working earlier on those projects. A huge reason for my procrastinating issue, in my opinion, is lack of self-control. Usually, I look for distractions deliberately or reasons to postpone working on the task at hand. I like to convince my self that I work better under pressure, using this as an excuse to postpone work. Although it might appear at first that this behavior affects only me as an individual and not the group as a whole, but my tendency to procrastinate might cause my group to miss opportunities for improvement. By submitting my task just as it is due, I didnââ¬â¢t leave room for improvement. My work could have needed further review or it might have shed some light on an area that we overlooked, which gives us an opportunity to further enhance our body of work and make it even better. In my opinion, for our group to advance and improve we need to set some goals in order for us to reach a higher level of understanding and collaboration. Involvement is a huge factor in the success of any group; consequently we should aim for having every memberââ¬â¢s input in the decision making process and in the group discussions. Discussions should be managed differently to make sure every member participates. Participation from all members is vital for any group because it allows different views and ideas to be shared so we need to create a decision-making environment that allows all members to share views and ideas. We should ensure that everyone understands the objectives and the task at hand. We also need to develop more trust among our team members and avoid using shortcuts to form our perception. The Social Information Processing Model talks about Self-fulfilling Prophecy or Pygmalion effect as a shortcut that influences perception, which is a ââ¬Å"situation in which our expectations about people affect our interaction with them in such a way that helps our expectations be fulfilled. â⬠For instance, in dealing with the group member that is having difficulties in participating, if we allowed our expectations to influence how we interact with her, we will never be able to address this issue and we will maintain status quo. Moreover, I could improve on a personal level and work on my procrastinating issue, which will eventually improve the overall performance of the group. I believe I already took the first step towards addressing this issue by recognizing it and admitting that itââ¬â¢s a negative behavior that needs to be eliminated. Another step, in my opinion, in addressing this issue is identifying whether I am procrastinating due to external reasons or internal reasons. External reasons could vary from time constraint to the type of job at hand, and internal reasons could be lack of motive or laziness. I tend to believe itââ¬â¢s the latter, as I occasionally procrastinate some tasks that are not work related or that does not have a time constraint. Procrastination is a habit that develops over time and hence, needs time to be eliminated. Although it is true that it is not a permanent habit of mine, i. e. it comes irregularly, it still affects my performance and hinders my abilities. I started trying to reward my self upon completing tasks, in an attempt to avoid putting off those tasks for later. How to cite Reflection On Experience, Papers
Saturday, December 7, 2019
Cross-cultural Interactions free essay sample
Communication differs in various cultures. A multinational or a global company employs a great number of people with different cultural traits. Some may possess traits that are good for business when sent to countries away from home and some may not take up this responsibility well. People with different values respond in various ways to leadership especially from leaders from a different background or culture. Cultural diversity is very wide and this would cause to some extent difficulties for a foreigner in a strange land. This is mainly because the foreigner has ittle or no knowledge of the lands culture. For instance being a German and working in a subsidiary of the German mother company in China, I have come to realize the big difference that there is in various cultures. The team that I work with is a cross- cultural team. National culture does not fit with the organizational culture from my experience in this cross-cultural team. We will write a custom essay sample on Cross-cultural Interactions or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page National culture is the values that an individual learns early in life and continues to grow or change slowly with generations. It is highly held in individuals hence difficult to influence . Organizational culture on the other hand means the wide guidelines that are created by an organization and is rooted on the Job tasks and practices.. It is a programmed way of thinking and reacting. It is used to differentiate a certain category of people from the other. Due to the deeply held national culture by people, it is difficult to change the organizational culture especially in a cross-cultural team. This is because for some, the organizational culture goes against the national culture therefore the practices of the organization will be taken for granted and undermined e. . a eadership trait which falls under an organizational culture can be easily shunned by a particular employee from a different culture if the trait is against his/her national trait. I encounter various tensions at my workplace. A group of a certain culture will follow or conform to a certain set of values and beliefs, and the other would differ from them. A large group with a set of similar values would f all in the same culture. The minority and the majority therefore have conflict when it comes to certain situations within the team. For instance, Germans are always on schedule and very unctual. This is their national culture. In the cross-cultural team there are people who have different perception when it comes to keeping time. When it comes to attending meetings for instance, there will be a set of people who will be punctual and those who will be late. This is a cause for tension within the cross-cultural team. Tension is a known cause for a decrease in a companys productivity. Action should therefore be taken to resolve tension or conflict in these teams. Conflict is a challenge that is always faced by a team that is cross-cultural because it arises from time to time. The success and failure of a team depends on its response in time of conflict. To initiate organizational changes, I have done research and have come up with a plan of giving lessons to my team members. These lessons dont give a direct solution to the conflicts but guidance on how to prevent, respond to and manage tension. The tips in my lesson plan include: Knowledge ot one selt and culture- when one becomes aware ot his culture, i. e. here he/she comes from and who he/she really is, it becomes easier to understand other peoples background hence become open to different ideas. This can be chieved by establishing friendship within the team Being inquisitive- ask other members with a different background from yours about your new environment and how best things are run and more importantly know how to deal with situations to avoid conflict Listen to people from a differen t culture effectively to have a better understanding of one anothers ways. This should only be done in situations where it doesnt cause discomfort. Learn the expectations of others by having conversations about conflicts and the way forward when it arises. Management culture that suits every single person from a different culture should be ut in place. Management culture is one of the most critical leadership tools. In my opinion, a type of management that respects the differences and similarities of all employees should be adopted. Excellent organizational culture is the main goal of a company or an organization in regards toa cross-cultural team. To achieve this goal, management culture must be put in place . First of all, understanding the uniqueness and the differences of each individual is very important. This is largely referred to as work place diversity. Diversity entails religious beliefs, gender, race, age, political beliefs, sexual orientation and ethnicity. To deal effectively with this, the HR should check on issues such as communication, coping with differences and change. Management culture is important because it creates a comfortable and positive working environment hence higher productivity from the employees. The following management strategies should be adopted: Acquiring knowledge about different cultures and their ways of conducting business The leaders should nurture the communication, creative and cultural skills of various employees and utilize these skills to improve the policies, customer service and their products Being open minded. This involves leaders and their employees coming out of their comfort zone and accepting ways that they are not familiar with in terms of management. People from different backgrounds can factor in better and fresh ideas which could result in better services and performance Formulation of programs that will recognize the diversity of each individual. This will result in more interest in their roles Posting employees to areas where they can advance culturally Language training Taking care of employees complaints and issues Testing the organizations practices to make sure that no discrimination against any ulture is practiced. At times, conflict becomes inevitable between members in the subsidiary. It always happens when there are people with a variety of different expectations. In a situation like this, I would resolve to a different way of handling conflict. The first step would be to make the employees aware of the difference in culture among them. Apart from making them aware, I would formulate a program where all employees will be taught about the existence ot diversity and to learn ways ot respecting these different values and practices. Encouraging the team to take up tasks overseas henever an opportunity arises is another positive way to handle inevitable conflicts. This will improve the interaction of employees with different backgrounds and cultures. The more knowledgeable they get about a variety of cultures, the more understanding of each other they also get. To avoid recurring tensions, another important strategy to follow through is to offer counselling to employees and their families that are moving to a new country. This can be done before and after the international assignment . When positive relationships are built between diverse individuals, a deeper understanding of each other is formed.
Friday, November 29, 2019
A lesson on the obsession of technology Essays - Education, Pedagogy
A lesson on the obsession of technology Today alone, I asked Johnny five times to put his new iPhone 7 plus away, before he did for a whole minute. This was followed by Alice's phone buzzing incessantly with messages throughout the lesson; yes, it was in her pencil case but that didn't make it any less distracting for the whole class. And, you wouldn't believe my senior English class has a draft due in just a few days when Josie and Lily are squawking about some post reaching 100 likes on Facebook. The amount of times I have had to remind students to put their phones or devices away is ridiculous - definitely equal to or more than we have actually spent revising the structure for their essay. Surely, they must stop and think, sometimes, that school work is important. Students nowadays, some 89% according to the Sensis report 2016, are always using technology, any type, anytime, anywhere. But then again, I'm sure you can relate. You are all parents, after all, of these new age, technology obsessed students, who almost literally have their phones glued to them for the entirety of the day. Some of you, might even have more than one tech-obsessed teen at home. So, today, we are gathered because I feel I have found a solution to help you, and to help your student achieve better in this technologically addicted world I propose, quite simply, that we insert a technology repellent brain chip into their heads. Don't worry though! It is not permanent; it will only remain there for the duration of their school life Why, you ask? Well, just close your eyes a minute and imagine! Imagine the possibilities of no technology to distract them, you can have a peace in mind that your children will not be accessing any inappropriate sites and they can finally reach their potential in academia achievement. The statistics alone support my proposal. Technology is a way of life for teenagers with 95% of ages between 12-17 spending time online. These years are a prime period of schooling for students, well I wouldn't call Charlie a student let alone a human being, whoever is the mother and father of Charlie Coplestone, if you are reading this, please lock that thing up before it is released into the wild. Anyway, back to statistics, according to the 2010, Pew Research Study, the reality was that teachers are not the centre of attention like they should be anymore; stating that, "64 percent of teens with mobile phones said they would have texted in class at least 2-4 times a day". A recent report by a correspondent at Technician, Abhishek Karadkar stated that getting too involved in technology can lead to an addiction that inculcates bad habits. Students prefer to chat or game with friends for hours and this leads to a waste of time that could have been used for studying, playi ng or learning new skills'. Why we must act now, you ask, would you rather the prospect of your child obtaining poor academic results, due to the adverse effects and distractions of technology, or would you rather your child achieve academia success, allowing the freedom of your child to select what profession they would like to take on, but with the slim chance of your child to develop a brain disorder. Oops forgot to mention that. Latest results show that there is a minimal chance of damage, 4 out of 5, to be exact. The risk is that there is a slight possibility that your child will incur a brain disorder from this experience. But hey, better odds of success to permanent brain damage. Once the chip is implanted into the students brains, this package will also come with a small device that will give both you and teachers the courtesy of monitoring the students and their academia progress, in the click of button. On this device, there will be a group page for all users in the class and teachers to communicate and pose any concerns. This device will help observe the progress of the students and therefore teachers can help target their weak spots, in terms of subjects or specific units
Monday, November 25, 2019
Preparing for the Japanese Language Proficiency Test (JLPT)
Preparing for the Japanese Language Proficiency Test (JLPT) Preparing for the Japanese Language Proficiency Test (JLPT) Whether you have studied Japanese in school, have participated in a study abroad program in Japan, or may be moving to Japan for business or personal reasons, you may want to take the Japanese Language Proficiency Test. There are several reasons for this: You will get a feel for how much of the language you have mastered, so that you can set goals for preparing to take the higher levels of the test You will get a certificate when you pass each of Japanese language proficiency test levels, and you will have these as evidence that you are proficient in the language. This will be important if you should seek employment in Japan You may want to be employed as a translator in your home country, either for private industry or for the government in some capacity. Having the Japanese Language Proficiency Test (JLPT) certification, especially at the highest level, will be your proof that you have the required knowledge and skills. You may want to re-locate to Japan for personal reasons. Taking this test will allow you to determine your own proficiency. Preparing for the Japanese Language Proficiency Test The test is given on the same day, all over the world. In some places, outside of the U.S. (there are 16 testing centers in the U.S.), it is given multiple times a year. The first part of your preparation, of course, is to register, which you can do on the official site of the testing organization. You will pay your fee and receive a registration card with a number. That number will be assigned to you at a specific testing site. But even before that, you need to identify which of the five Japanese Language Proficiency Test Levels you will want to select. You must select which test you want to take during the registration process. In order to do that, you need to know very specifically which level is best suited for you. Here is a summary of each of those levels: N5: This is the lowest level test, and it demonstrates your ability to read and understand basic Japanese. The reading portion of the test will require that you comprehend sentences and common expressions that are written in katakana, kanji, and hiragana. The listening portion will test your ability to understand conversation about common topics encountered in classrooms and everyday life. N4: This test also has a reading and a listening portion and will assess your ability to do all of those things in the N5 level, plus your ability to read more difficult material in kanji with a stronger vocabulary and knowledge of kanji characters. N3: the N3 level is probably most appropriate for those who are re-locating to Japan and who need to be able to navigate through more complex daily living situations. The reading section will incorporate everything in N5 and N4 levels but include additional materials, such as news summaries and short literary passages. The listening portion still revolves around everyday situations but requires ability to understand when the language is spoken at a moderate pace. N2: To select this test and have a good chance of passing it, you will need to read passages on a variety of topics ââ¬â literary, news and magazine articles, and to be able to relate intent and opinions of the writers. The listening portion will contain conversations on lots of topics at an almost normal speed, and you will need to demonstrate that you understand facts and nuances of conversations. N1: This is the most difficult of the Japanese Language Proficiency Test levels and should be selected by those who have strong proficiency. The reading portion will require comprehension and analysis of complex content ââ¬â news editorials, literary works, abstract concepts, etc. Listening will be at normal rates of speed and require a substantial vocabulary in order to understand and interpret conversations, news reports, etc. Studying and Preparing for the Japanese Language Proficiency Test Learning a language is a cumulative process, and you are at some level of proficiency. Certainly, you can prepare for the test by studying additional vocabulary and continuing to practice reading passages at your level. Perhaps the best preparation is to immerse yourself, either physically or online, into a Japanese environment. There are plenty of Japanese students looking for partners in English to practice their language skills. Set up a cooperative relationship and, through Skype or another live chat app, set a scheduled time to hook up and converse several times a week. Barring that, find a local group of Japanese students on campus or a local Japanese-American organization. If you are a current college student, locate a Japanese foreign student and set up a cooperative arrangement. You can assist with their coursework demands, even with their college essay writing. In turn, they can tutor you in the language. Access the Japanese Language Proficiency Test site, and link to the sample questions for each level of the test. You will also find a link to the official practice workbooks, again separated by test level. Scoring and Results Notification Individual scores are sent to examinees; they will also be available online by registration/identification number. In general, those students who take the test in July will receive their scores and certificates by early October. Those who take a December test will receive results by early March. If the test is taken in Japan, scores will be published a month earlier in each case. Results are on a Pass/Fail basis, and there is a minimum score for each section of a test in order to receive a passing grade. If any section of a test fall into the ââ¬Å"failâ⬠section, the student fails the entire test. Certificates of passage are mailed to everyone who has passed. The Takeaway The Japanese Language Proficiency Test is a fully objective test, that is, it does not require composition, as many other standardized tests and application/admissions testing does. The value of such a test, and the certificate that comes with it, however, does demonstrate that you have enough proficiency to comprehend verbal and written communication in the language. If you are a student in a Japanese institution, for example, you will be able to understand the lectures and the readings. Writing is another matter, however, and that may take some additional time and work. Until you establish that proficiency, you can always find a Japanese friend, agency, or tutor and state, ââ¬Å"Write my papers,â⬠in exchange for a bit of cash or a reciprocal favor.
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